PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM BAZNAS MICROFINANCE DESA (BMD) DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH (Studi Di Baznas Kabupaten Lampung Tengah)

BARRYZKA, PUTRA APRILLIYANTO (2026) PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM BAZNAS MICROFINANCE DESA (BMD) DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH (Studi Di Baznas Kabupaten Lampung Tengah). Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

	PDF Download (3MB)
	PDF Restricted to Repository staff only Download (3MB)

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keterbatasan akses permodalan bagi pelaku usaha mikro yang sebagian besar merupakan mustahik di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Program BAZNAS Microfinance Desa (BMD) yang menerapkan akad qardh al-hasan hadir sebagai instrumen pemberdayaan ekonomi berbasis zakat produktif. Namun, implementasinya masih menyisakan pertanyaan terkait mekanisme pendistribusian, prinsip kepemilikan dana (tamlīk), kepatuhan akad terhadap syariah, serta efektivitas pendampingan usaha. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam kesesuaian praktik BMD dengan hukum Islam serta kontribusinya terhadap penguatan ekonomi mustahik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis dan analisis Miles & Huberman. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan mustahik (9 orang), pengelola BMD (3 orang), dan akademisi/ulama (3 orang), serta studi dokumen resmi BAZNAS Kabupaten Lampung Tengah periode 2023– 2025. Validitas data diperkuat melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan dokumen. Data yang diperoleh direduksi, disajikan dalam bentuk narasi dan tabel, kemudian dianalisis untuk menemukan pola serta relevansi empirisnya terhadap prinsip syariah, termasuk tamlīk, akad tabarru’, dan maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program BMD telah menerapkan mekanisme seleksi, verifikasi, penetapan, dan pencairan dana sesuai standar pengelolaan zakat produktif. Akad qardh al-hasan dilaksanakan secara konsisten tanpa margin keuntungan, sehingga memenuhi prinsip syariah terkait larangan riba dan keadilan distribusi. Prinsip tamlīk juga terpenuhi karena dana menjadi hak mustahik sampai waktu pengembalian tanpa adanya keuntungan kembali kepada amil. Pendampingan usaha dilakukan secara berkala, meskipun intensitasnya perlu ditingkatkan untuk mustahik berisiko tinggi. Secara keseluruhan, Program BMD telah selaras dengan tujuan maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan memberdayakan mustahik, meskipun masih memerlukan penguatan pada aspek dokumentasi dan monitoring program. ABSTRACT This research is motivated by limited access to capital for micro business actors, most of whom are mustahik in Central Lampung Regency. The Village BAZNAS Microfinance (BMD) program that implements the qardh al-hasan contract is present as an instrument for economic empowerment based on productive zakat. However, its implementation still leaves questions related to the distribution mechanism, the principle of fund ownership (tamlīk), contract compliance with sharia, and the effectiveness of business assistance. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine in depth the conformity of BMD practices with Islamic law and its contribution to strengthening the mustahik economy. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach and Miles & Huberman analysis. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with mustahik (9 people), BMD managers (3 people), and academics/scholars (3 people), as well as a study of official documents of BAZNAS Central Lampung Regency for the 2023– 2025 period. Data validity is strengthened through triangulation of sources, techniques, and documents. The data obtained is reduced, presented in the form of narratives and tables, and then analyzed to find patterns and their empirical relevance to sharia principles, including tamlīk, akad tabarru', and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that the BMD Program has implemented a mechanism for selection, verification, determination, and disbursement of funds in accordance with the standards of productive zakat management. The qardh al-hasan contract is carried out consistently without profit margin, so as to meet sharia principles related to the prohibition of usury and distribution justice. The tamlīk principle is also fulfilled because the funds are the right of mustahik until the time of return without any profit returning to the amil. Business assistance is carried out periodically, although the intensity needs to be increased for high-risk mustahik. Overall, the BMD Program has been aligned with the goals of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah in improving welfare and empowering mustahik, although it still needs to be strengthened in the aspects of program documentation and monitoring.

Actions (login required)

View Item