ANALISIS STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS LAMUN (SEAGRASS) DI DUSUN III JELARANGAN PULAU PAHAWANG KABUPATEN PESAWARAN LAMPUNG

NAJWA, ARTHAMEILVIANINGRUM (2026) ANALISIS STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS LAMUN (SEAGRASS) DI DUSUN III JELARANGAN PULAU PAHAWANG KABUPATEN PESAWARAN LAMPUNG. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Ekosistem lamun (seagrass) memiliki peran penting sebagai produsen primer, habitat biota laut, penstabil sedimen, dan penyimpan karbon biru. Namun, keberadaannya rentan terhadap tekanan aktivitas manusia, terutama di kawasan wisata pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas lamun dan mengkaji keterkaitan kualitas perairan terhadap struktur komunitas lamun di Dusun III Jelarangan, Pulau Pahawang, Kabupaten Pesawaran. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif pada tiga stasiun yang mewakili tingkat aktivitas manusia yang berbeda. Pada setiap stasiun ditetapkan tiga transek, dan pada setiap transek diletakkan lima kuadrat berukuran 50 × 50 cm sebagai unit pengamatan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi komposisi jenis, kerapatan, frekuensi, tutupan, indeks ekologi, Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), serta kualitas perairan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas lamun di Dusun III Jelarangan tersusun atas empat spesies, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule uninervis, dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Kerapatan total dan tutupan rata-rata tertinggi ditemukan pada Stasiun 3 masing-masing sebesar 312 ind/m² dan 78%, sedangkan nilai terendah terdapat pada Stasiun 2 sebesar 234,67 ind/m² dan 58,67%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar antara 0,872–0,982 yang menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman rendah. Berdasarkan nilai INP, Enhalus acoroides dan Thalassia hemprichii merupakan spesies yang paling berperan dalam penyusunan komunitas lamun. Parameter kualitas perairan yang meliputi suhu, salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, dan substrat masih berada dalam kisaran yang mendukung pertumbuhan lamun. Variasi kualitas perairan antarstasiun berkaitan dengan perbedaan struktur komunitas lamun, dimana stasiun dengan kondisi lingkungan yang lebih stabil menunjukkan kerapatan dan tutupan lamun yang lebih tinggi. Dengan demikian, kualitas perairan berperan dalam menentukan struktur komunitas lamun di Dusun III Jelarangan, dan secara umum padang lamun di lokasi penelitian masih berada dalam kondisi yang baik. Kata kunci : Komunitas lamun, Kualitas perairan, Pulau Pahawang, Line trnasect kuadrat, Ekosistem pesisir. ABSTRACT Seagrass ecosystems play an important role as primary producers, habitats for marine organisms, sediment stabilizers, and blue carbon sinks. However, their existence is vulnerable to pressures from human activities, particularly in coastal tourism areas. This study aimed to analyze the seagrass community structure and examine the relationship between water quality and seagrass community structure in Dusun III Jelarangan, Pahawang Island, Pesawaran Regency. The research employed a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach at three stations representing different levels of human activity. At each station, three transects were established, and five quadrats measuring 50 × 50 cm were placed along each transect as sampling units. The observed parameters included species composition, density, frequency, cover, ecological indices, Importance Value Index (IVI), and water quality parameters. The results showed that the seagrass community in Dusun III Jelarangan consisted of four species, namely Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule uninervis, and Syringodium isoetifolium. The highest total density and average cover were recorded at Station 3, reaching 312 ind/m² and 78%, respectively, while the lowest values were found at Station 2, with 234.67 ind/m² and 58.67%. The diversity index (H’) ranged from 0.872 to 0.982, indicating a low level of diversity. Based on the Importance Value Index (IVI), Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii were the most influential species in shaping the seagrass community structure. Water quality parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH, water transparency, current velocity, and substrate type, were within ranges that support seagrass growth. Variations in water quality among stations were associated with differences in seagrass community structure, where stations with more stable environmental conditions exhibited higher seagrass density and cover. Therefore, water quality plays an important role in determining the seagrass community structure in Dusun III Jelarangan, and overall, the seagrass beds in the study area remain in good condition. Keywords: Seagrass community structure, Water quality, Pahawang Island, Quadrat line-transect, Shoreline ecosystem.

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