AKULTURASI BUDAYA ISLAM DAN TRADISI RUWAT BUMI PADA MASYARAKAT DESA SUMUR KUMBANG KECAMATAN KALIANDA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

MUHAMMAD, DAFFA DHAIFULLAH (2026) AKULTURASI BUDAYA ISLAM DAN TRADISI RUWAT BUMI PADA MASYARAKAT DESA SUMUR KUMBANG KECAMATAN KALIANDA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Ruwat Bumi merupakan salah satu bentuk kearifan lokal masyarakat agraris yang dilaksanakan sebagai ungkapan rasa syukur kepada Tuhan atas hasil panen dan keselamatan lingkungan. Tradisi ini berkembang di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, termasuk masyarakat Sunda, dengan kekayaan simbolik dan spiritual yang mencerminkan hubungan harmonis antara manusia, alam, dan leluhur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk, makna, dan proses akulturasi tradisi ruwat bumi dengan ajaran Islam, serta dampaknya terhadap kehidupan sosial dan religius masyarakat. Makna tradisi ruwat bumi yang semula hanya berpatok kepada alam kini telah selaras dan sejalur dengan syariat Islam. Berbagai faktor budaya Islam yang beradaptasi menimbulkan akulturasi dalam tradisi ruwat bumi baik dalam makna, alat yang digunakan, maupun pelaksanaan tradisi. Penelitian ini tradisi ruwat bumi ini berlokasi di desa Sumur Kumbang, Kecamatan Kalianda, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, untuk itu penulis memaparkan beberapa rumusan masalah, yang pertama adalah bagaimana makna Tradisi Ruwat Bumi di Masyarakat Desa Sumur Kumbang Kecamatan Kalianda Kabupaten Lampung Selatan? dan yang kedua bagaimana bentuk terjadinya Akulturasi antara Budaya Islam dan Tradisi Ruwat Bumi pada Masyarakat Desa Sumur Kumbang Kecamatan Kalianda Kabupaten Lampung Selatan? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) serta menggunakan pendekatan antropologi dan sosiologis. Metode pengumpulan data untuk mendukung penelitian dilakukan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan beberapa informan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan bapak Armad selaku kepala desa, bapak Sakam Dadang selaku ketua adat, dan bapak Santika selaku sesepuh adat, serta beberapa masyarakat sekitar Desa Sumur Kumbang yang menjadi informan tambahan untuk menunjang penelitian sesuai dengan fakta yang ada dilapangan. Data sekunder diperoleh dari data atau dokumentasi, buku-buku literatur, dan jurnal. Adapun Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan bahwa Tradisi Ruwat Bumi telah mengalami perubahan makna dan perubahan beberapa proses ritual akibat terakulturasi oleh budaya Islam. Tradisi Ruwat Bumi dalam masyarakat sunda di Desa Sumur Kumbang menunjukan dinamika adaptasi yang kompleks. Simbol simbol tradisional seperti sajen, hasil bumi, dan bacaan-bacaan ritual kini telah selaras dan sejalur dengan syariat agama Islam. Sehingga dari Tradisi Ruwat Bumi inilah menjadi budaya lokal yang harus tetap diteruskan dan dijaga agar tetap lestari. Tradisi Ruwat Bumi merupakan kegiatan Tasyakur kepada alam atas hasil panen dari alam yang melimpah serta menjaga dari segala macam hal-hal buruk atau biasa disebut tolak bala. Tradisi ini juga menjadi ajang silaturahmi bersama satu Desa Sumur Kumbang pada acara makan bersama yang disebut paperahan setelah adat ritual berakhir sebagai penutup tradisi. Kata Kunci : Tradisi. Akulturasi, Ruwat Bumi ABSTRACT Ruwat Bumi is a form of local wisdom among agrarian communities, performed as an expression of gratitude to God for the harvest and environmental safety. This tradition has developed in various regions of Indonesia, including the Sundanese community, with its rich symbolic and spiritual significance reflecting the harmonious relationship between humans, nature, and ancestors. This study aims to examine the form, meaning, and acculturation process of the Ruwat Bumi tradition with Islamic teachings, as well as its impact on the social and religious life of the community. The meaning of the Ruwat Bumi tradition, which was originally based solely on nature, has now become aligned and aligned with Islamic law. Various factors of Islamic culture have adapted to this tradition, resulting in acculturation within the Ruwat Bumi tradition, both in terms of its meaning, the tools used, and its implementation. This study focuses on the Ruwat Bumi tradition in Sumur Kumbang Village, Kalianda District, South Lampung Regency. Based on these issues, the author presents several research questions. The first is: What is the meaning of the Ruwat Bumi tradition among the people of Sumur Kumbang Village, Kalianda District, South Lampung Regency? Second, how does the acculturation between Islamic culture and the Ruwat Bumi tradition occur in the Sumur Kumbang Village community, Kalianda District, South Lampung Regency? This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with field research and anthropological and sociological approaches. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation. Primary data were obtained through interviews with several informants, including Mr. Armad as the village head, Mr. Sakam Dadang as the traditional leader, and Mr. Santika as a traditional elder. The primary data were obtained through interviews with several local residents of Sumur Kumbang Village, who served as additional informants to support the research based on the facts on the ground. Secondary data were obtained from documentation, books, and journals. The results of this study demonstrate that the Ruwat Bumi tradition has undergone changes in meaning and several ritual processes due to acculturation with Islamic culture. The Ruwat Bumi tradition in the Sundanese community of Sumur Kumbang Village demonstrates complex adaptation dynamics. Traditional symbols such as offerings, agricultural products, and ritual recitations are now aligned with Islamic law. Therefore, the Ruwat Bumi tradition has become a local culture that must be continued and maintained for its sustainability. The Ruwat Bumi tradition is a thanksgiving ceremony to nature for the abundant harvest and protection from all kinds of bad things, commonly known as tolak bala. This tradition also serves as a means of bonding with the entire Sumur Kumbang village during a communal meal called paperahan after the ritual concludes. Keywords: Tradition, Acculturation, Ruwat Bumi

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