ANALISIS PENGARUH EKSPOR, IMPOR, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) DAN TINGKAT INFLASI TERHADAP FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM TAHUN 2014-2024

LIYA, SETIANA (2026) ANALISIS PENGARUH EKSPOR, IMPOR, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) DAN TINGKAT INFLASI TERHADAP FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM TAHUN 2014-2024. Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Foreign Exchange Reserves (cadangan devisa) merupakan indikator penting pada suatu negara dalam menjaga stabilitas ekonomi, membiayai transaksi perdagangan internasional, memenuhi kewajiban luar negeri. Besarnya cadangan devisa dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor ekonomi makro, di antaranya ekspor, impor, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), dan tingkat inflasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekspor, impor, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), dan tingkat inflasi terhadap Foreign Exchange Reserves (cadangan devisa) di Indonesia dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam selama periode 2014–2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda menggunakan perangkat lunak E-Views. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder tahunan periode 2014–2024 yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Bank Indonesia (BI). Analisis dilakukan melalui uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji parsial (uji t), uji simultan (uji F), dan uji koefisien determinasi . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel ekspor berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan. Variabel impor dan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan, sedangkan inflasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Secara simultan, variabel ekspor, impor, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), dan tingkat inflasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap cadangan devisa di Indonesia. Dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam menegaskan pengelolaan perdagangan internasional, investasi asing, dan pengendalian inflasi perlu dilaksanakan berdasarkan prinsip keadilan (al-'adl), keseimbangan (tawazun), kemaslahatan (maslahah), dan keberkahan (barakah) guna mendukung stabilitas ekonomi serta menjaga cadangan devisa secara berkelanjutan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Kata Kunci: Ekspor, Impor, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Inflasi, Cadangan Devisa, Ekonomi Islam.ABSTRACT Foreign exchange reserves are an important indicator of a country's ability to maintain economic stability, finance international trade transactions, and fulfill foreign obligations. The level of foreign exchange reserves is influenced by several macroeconomic factors, including exports, imports, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and the inflation rate. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of exports, imports, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and the inflation rate on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves from the perspective of Islamic economics during the period of 2014–2024. This study employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis with E-Views software. The data used were annual secondary data for the period of 2014–2024 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Bank Indonesia (BI). The analysis included the classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, partial test (t-test), simultaneous test (F-test), and coefficient of determination test. The results show that, partially, exports have a positive but insignificant effect. Imports and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have a negative but insignificant effect, while inflation has a negative and significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. Simultaneously, exports, imports, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and the inflation rate have a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. From the perspective of Islamic economics, the findings emphasize that the management of international trade, foreign investment, and inflation control should be carried out based on the principles of justice (al-'adl), balance (tawazun), public welfare (maslahah), and blessing (barakah) to support sustainable economic stability and maintain foreign exchange reserves in accordance with Sharia principles. Keywords: Export, Import, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Inflation, Foreign Exchange Reserves, Islamic Economics. Keywords: Export, Import, Foreign Direct Investment, Inflation, Foreign Exchange Reserves, Islamic Economics.

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