STUDI TIMBULAN LIMBAH BAHAN BERBAHAYA DAN BERACUN (B3) MEDIS DI 3RUMAH SAKIT KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

Amelia, Fitri Novitasari (2026) STUDI TIMBULAN LIMBAH BAHAN BERBAHAYA DAN BERACUN (B3) MEDIS DI 3RUMAH SAKIT KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Limbah medis termasuk dalam kategori Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) yang berpotensi tinggi mencemari lingkungan dan membahayakan kesehatan jika tidak diidentifikasi dan diminimalisir sejak sumbernya. Kota Bandar Lampung merupakan wilayah dengan timbulan limbah medis tertinggi di Provinsi Lampung seiring dengan besarnya jumlah fasilitas kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis sumber, jenis, volume harian, serta potensi timbulan limbah B3 medis yang dihasilkan oleh rumah sakit di Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan petugas rumah sakit, observasi lapangan di Tempat Penyimpanan Sementara (TPS) limbah B3, serta analisis dokumen laporan sekunder dari rumah sakit sampel (termasuk RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, RSD dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo, dan RS Imanuel Way Halim). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa timbulan limbah B3 medis di rumah sakit Kota Bandar Lampung didominasi oleh limbah karakteristik infeksius (seperti masker, jarum suntik, botol infus, dan jaringan patologis). Timbulan yang dihasilkan RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek sebanyak 500-600 kg/hari, RS Imanuel Way Halim menghasilkan sebanyak 150kg/hari, RSD dr. A Dadi Tjokrodipo sebanyak 40-50 kg/hari. Proses penyimpanan sementara dilakukan di TPS berizin selama 2–4 hari. Namun demikian, untuk pengangkutan, pengelolaan akhir, dan pemusnahan, seluruh rumah sakit sampel masih memiliki keterbatasan fasilitas mandiri karena kegagalan uji coba insinerator internal yang menimbulkan polusi udara dan protes warga. Akibatnya, rumah sakit sepenuhnya mengandalkan pihak ketiga berizin dengan konsekuensi beban biaya operasional yang tinggi mencapai Rp13.000,-/Kg. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya digitalisasi pencatatan data limbah, pengadaan cold storage yang representatif untuk limbah patologis, serta inisiasi pusat pemusnahan limbah B3 medis terpadu oleh pemerintah daerah untuk menekan biaya operasional rumah sakit. ABSTRACT Medical waste falls under the Hazardous and Toxic (B3) waste category, posing a high potential to pollute the environment and endanger human health if it is not identified and minimized from its source. Bandar Lampung City records the highest medical waste generation in Lampung Province, corresponding to its high concentration of healthcare facilities. This study aims to identify and analyze the sources, types, daily volumes, and generation potential of medical B3 waste produced by hospitals in Bandar Lampung City. This study utilized a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with hospital staff, field observations at the Temporary Storage Facilities (TPS) for B3 waste, and document analysis of secondary waste reports from sampled hospitals (including RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, RSD dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo, and RS Imanuel Way Halim). The results of the study indicate that the generation of medical hazardous waste in Bandar Lampung City hospitals is dominated by infectious characteristic waste (such as masks, syringes, infusion bottles, and pathological tissues). The generation of medical hazardous waste in the three hospitals is very different, Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital produces 500-600 kg/day, Imanuel Way Halim Hospital produces 150 kg/day, and Dr. A Dadi Tjokrodipo Regional General Hospital produces 40-50 kg/day. The temporary storage process is carried out at a licensed TPS for 2-4 days. However, for transportation, final management, and destruction, all sample hospitals still have limited independent facilities due to the failure of the internal incinerator trial which caused air pollution and public protests. As a result, the hospitals fully rely on licensed third parties with the consequence of high operational costs reaching IDR 13,000 / kg. This study recommends the need for digitalization of waste data recording, procurement of representative cold storage for pathological waste, and initiation of an integrated medical B3 waste disposal center by the local government to reduce hospital operational costs.

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