PENERAPAN TERAPI SENSORI INTEGRASI UNTUK MENGURANGI PERILAKU HIPERAKTIF PADA ANAK ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) DI LEMBAGA PAUD DAN LAYANAN KHUSUS CERIA SUKARAME

ULFA, SHOLEHAH (2026) PENERAPAN TERAPI SENSORI INTEGRASI UNTUK MENGURANGI PERILAKU HIPERAKTIF PADA ANAK ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) DI LEMBAGA PAUD DAN LAYANAN KHUSUS CERIA SUKARAME. Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Anak dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) kerap menghadapi tantangan yang kompleks dalam proses tumbuh kembangnya, terutama dalam hal pengendalian perilaku hiperaktif, kemampuan fokus, dan interaksi sosial. Di Lembaga PAUD dan Layanan Khusus Ceria Sukarame, ditemukan sejumlah anak yang menunjukkan gejala hiperaktif seperti mudah tantrum, tidak bisa tenang, sulit mengikuti instruksi, dan minim kontak mata saat berkomunikasi. Kondisi ini tidak hanya berdampak pada proses belajar anak, tetapi juga memengaruhi interaksi sosial mereka di lingkungan sekolah maupun rumah. Salah satu pendekatan intervensi yang diyakini mampu membantu mengurangi perilaku hiperaktif tersebut adalah terapi sensori integrasi, yakni terapi yang bekerja dengan cara menstimulasi sistem sensorik anak melalui aktivitas bermain yang terstruktur agar anak dapat merespons lingkungan secara lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan penerapan terapi sensori integrasi untuk mengurangi perilaku hiperaktif anak usia dini dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) di Lembaga PAUD dan Layanan Khusus Ceria Korpri Sukarame. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur dan dokumentasi. Dari populasi berjumlah 6 anak dengan ADHD, sampel penelitian yang diambil berjumlah 2 anak yang menunjukan perilaku hiperaktif. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan, sehingga diperoleh sumber data primer berjumlah 6 orang terdiri dari 2 anak ADHD yang menunjukkan perilaku hiperaktif, 2 orang terapis, serta 2 orang tua subjek. Analisis data menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman yang mencakup tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan terapi sensori integrasi di Lembaga PAUD dan Layanan Khusus Ceria Sukarame dilaksanakan melalui tahapan yang sistematis, meliputi assessment awal, pemberian instruksi sederhana, rangkaian aktivitas berurutan, mengasah konsentrasi, konsistensi, dan ketahanan dalam aktivitas. melalui bermain, serta evaluasi berkala. Adapun hasil terapi pada masing-masing subjek menunjukkan perkembangan yang berbeda. Subjek MZ yang telah menjalani terapi lebih lama dan didukung oleh stimulasi aktif orang tua di rumah menunjukkan perkembangan yang cukup signifikan, diantaranya tantrum yang jauh berkurang, kemmapuan mengikuti instruksi yang meningkat, kontak mata yang membaik, serta perilaku impulsive yang lebih terkontrol seperti tidak lagi berlari keluar Ketika melihat gerbang terbuka. Sementara itu, subjek AM yang baru menjalani terapi selama dua bulan menunjukkan perubahan sekitar 25% dari kondisi awal, di mana anak mulai lebih bisa diarahkan dan mampu mendengarkan instruksi dibandingkan sebelum mengikuti terapi, meskipun perkembangannya masih perlu terus distimulasi secara konsisten. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terapi sensori integrasi terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi perilaku hiperaktif pada anak ADHD ketika dilaksanakan secara konsisten dan terstruktur, serta didukung oleh kolaborasi aktif antara terapis dan orang tua dalam memberikan stimulasi yang berkesinambungan. Kata Kunci: Terapi Sensori Integrasi, Perilaku Hiperaktif, Anak Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)ABSTRACT Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often face complex challenges in their growth and development process, especially in terms of controlling hyperactive behavior, focusing ability, and social interaction. At the Ceria Sukarame Early Childhood Education and Special Services Institute, a number of children were found who showed hyperactive symptoms such as easy tantrums, not being able to calm down, having difficulty following instructions, and minimal eye contact when communicating. This condition not only has an impact on children's learning process, but also affects their social interactions in the school and home environment. One of the intervention approaches that is believed to be able to help reduce such hyperactive behavior is integrated sensory therapy, which is a therapy that works by stimulating the child's sensory system through structured play activities so that children can respond to the environment better. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the type of field research. Data collection was carried out through observation, semi-structured interviews and documentation. The primary data sources consisted of two ADHD children who showed hyperactive behavior, two therapists, two parents of the subjects, and one administrative staff as additional informants. The selection of informants was carried out by purposive sampling based on the criteria that have been set. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the application of integrated sensory therapy in the Early Childhood Education Institution and Ceria Sukarame Special Services is carried out through systematic stages, including initial assessment, simple instruction, a series of sequential activities involving stimulation of the tactile, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems, honing concentration, consistency, and resilience in activities through play, and periodic evaluation. The results of therapy in each subject showed different developments. MZ subjects who had undergone therapy for longer and supported by active stimulation of their parents at home showed significant improvements, including significantly reduced tantrums, increased ability to follow instructions, improved eye contact, and more controlled impulsive behavior such as no longer running outside when seeing an open gate. Meanwhile, AM subjects who had only undergone therapy for two months showed about a 25% change from the initial condition, in which the child began to be more directable and able to listen to instructions than before the therapy, although his development still needed to be stimulated consistently. This study concludes that integrated sensory therapy has been shown to be effective in reducing hyperactive behavior in ADHD children when implemented consistently and structured, and supported by active collaboration between therapists and parents in providing appropriate stimulation. Keywords: Sensory Integration Therapy, Hyperactive Behavior, Child Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

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