BIMBINGAN INDIVIDU DENGAN METODE APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEMANDIRIAN ANAK AUTIS DI SLB INSAN PRIMA BESTARI BANDAR LAMPUNG

HESTY, YUNITA SARI (2026) BIMBINGAN INDIVIDU DENGAN METODE APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEMANDIRIAN ANAK AUTIS DI SLB INSAN PRIMA BESTARI BANDAR LAMPUNG. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya tingkat kemandirian anak autis dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari seperti makan, berpakaian, dan menjaga kebersihan diri di SLB Insan Prima Bestari Bandar Lampung, sehingga masih memerlukan bantuan dari orang lain. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan bimbingan individu dengan metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) dalam mendukung kemandirian anak autis. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan bimbingan individu dengan metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) dalam mendukung kemandirian anak autis di SLB Insan Prima Bestari Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari guru serta dua anak autis, yaitu Ali dan Abiyan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan untuk memperoleh gambaran yang sistematis mengenai pelaksanaan bimbingan individu dengan metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan bimbingan individu dengan metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) dilakukan secara terstruktur melalui tahapan antecedent, behavior, dan consequence, serta didukung teknik Discrete Trial Training (DTT), shaping, chaining, fading, dan reinforcement. Proses bimbingan dilakukan secara one-on-one dan kolaborasi dengan co-terapis sehingga anak lebih fokus dan mampu memahami instruksi dengan baik. Penerapan metode ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemandirian anak, khususnya dalam aspek self-care seperti makan, berpakaian, toileting, dan menjaga kebersihan diri, meskipun perkembangan setiap anak berbeda. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) efektif dalam mendukung kemandirian anak autis dengan adanya faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya. Kata kunci: Bimbingan individu, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), kemandirian, anak autis. ABSTRAC This study is motivated by the low level of independence among children with autism in performing daily activities such as eating, dressing, and maintaining personal hygiene at SLB Insan Prima Bestari Bandar Lampung, which still requires assistance from others. Based on this condition, the research problem of this study is how the implementation of individual guidance using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method supports the independence of children with autism. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of individual guidance using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method in supporting the independence of children with autism at SLB Insan Prima Bestari Bandar Lampung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a field research design. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consist of a teacher and two children with autism, namely Ali and Abiyan. Data analysis is carried out using descriptive qualitative techniques through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing to obtain a systematic understanding of the implementation of individual guidance using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method. The results show that the implementation of individual guidance using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method is carried out in a structured manner through the stages of antecedent, behavior, and consequence, supported by techniques such as Discrete Trial Training (DTT), shaping, chaining, fading, and reinforcement. The guidance process is conducted through one-on-one sessions and collaboration with co-therapists, enabling children to focus better and understand instructions more effectively. The implementation of this method shows improvements in children’s independence, especially in self-care aspects such as eating, dressing, toileting, and maintaining personal hygiene, although each child shows different levels of development. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method is effective in supporting the independence of children with autism, with supporting and inhibiting factors influencing its implementation. Keywords: Individual guidance, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), independence, children with autism.

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