PRAKTIK BAGI HASIL ANTARA PETANI DAN PEMILIK KEBUN TEBU DALAM TINJAUAN FIKIH MUAMALAH (Studi Di Desa Sribasuki Kecamatan Negeri Besar Kabupaten Way Kanan)

Dwi, Ermawati (2026) PRAKTIK BAGI HASIL ANTARA PETANI DAN PEMILIK KEBUN TEBU DALAM TINJAUAN FIKIH MUAMALAH (Studi Di Desa Sribasuki Kecamatan Negeri Besar Kabupaten Way Kanan). Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas praktik bagi hasil antara petani penggarap dan pemilik kebun tebu di Desa Sribasuki Kecamatan Negeri Besar Kabupaten Way Kanan dalam perspektif fikih muamalah, khususnya akad mukhabarah. Praktik kerja sama pertanian ini telah berlangsung secara turun-temurun dan menjadi salah satu sumber penghidupan utama masyarakat setempat. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya masih ditemukan perbedaan pemahaman terkait mekanisme akad dan pembagian hasil, sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian berdasarkan ketentuan syariat Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme praktik bagi hasil yang diterapkan serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip akad mukhabarah dalam fikih muamalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Informan penelitian meliputi petani penggarap dan pemilik kebun tebu di Desa Sribasuki Kecamatan Negeri Besar Kabupaten Way Kanan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung di lokasi kebun tebu, serta dokumentasi sebagai data pendukung. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan membandingkan praktik di lapangan dengan konsep akad mukhabarah menurut fikih muamalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik bagi hasil dilakukan berdasarkan kesepakatan lisan dengan pembagian hasil yang bervariasi sesuai kebiasaan masyarakat setempat. Ditinjau dari fikih muamalah, praktik tersebut pada dasarnya termasuk dalam akad mukhabarah dan diperbolehkan. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa aspek yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan prinsip syariat Islam, terutama terkait kejelasan akad, pembagian risiko, serta penetapan hak dan kewajiban para pihak. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai akad mukhabarah agar praktik bagi hasil dapat berjalan lebih adil dan sesuai dengan ketentuan Islam. ABSTRACT This study discusses the practice of profit sharing between cultivating farmers and sugarcane plantation owners in Sribasuki Village, Negeri Besar District, Way Kanan Regency in the perspective of muamalah fiqh, especially mukhabarah contracts. This practice of agricultural cooperation has been going on for generations and has become one of the main sources of livelihood for the local community. However, in its implementation, there are still differences in understanding related to the mechanism of contracts and the distribution of results, so it is necessary to conduct a study based on the provisions of Islamic law. This study aims to find out the mechanism of the practice of profit sharing applied and analyze its suitability with the principle of mukhabarah contract in fiqh muamalah. This study uses a field research method with a descriptive qualitative approach. The research informants included farmers and sugarcane plantation owners in Sribasuki Village, Negeri Besar District, Way Kanan Regency. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, direct observation at the location of sugarcane plantations, and documentation as supporting data. The data obtained were then analyzed qualitatively by comparing practices in the field with the concept of mukhabarah contracts according to the jurisprudence of muamalah. The results of the study showed that the practice of profit sharing was carried out based on verbal agreement with the distribution of results that varied according to the habits of the local community. Judging from the fiqh of muamalah, the practice is basically included in the mukhabarah contract and is allowed. However, there are still some aspects that are not fully in accordance with the principles of Islamic law, especially related to the clarity of the contract, risk sharing, and the determination of the rights and obligations of the parties. Therefore, it is necessary to increase public understanding of the mukhabarah contract so that the practice of profit sharing can run more fairly and in accordance with the provisions of Islam.

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