TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGUPAHAN KARYAWAN TAMBAK BENUR VANAME DENGAN SISTEM BAYAR PANEN (Studi di Desa Banding Kecamatan Rajabasa Lampung Selatan)

BITHIAN, CIKASHEMA (2025) TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGUPAHAN KARYAWAN TAMBAK BENUR VANAME DENGAN SISTEM BAYAR PANEN (Studi di Desa Banding Kecamatan Rajabasa Lampung Selatan). Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

Praktik pengupahan karyawan tambak benur vaname di Desa Banding, Kecamatan Rajabasa, Lampung Selatan, yang menggunakan sistem bayar panen menimbulkan masalah ketika hasil panen gagal atau tidak optimal. Dalam situasi seperti ini, karyawan tidak menerima upah meskipun sudah bekerja sesuai kewajibannya. Penundaan atau bahkan tidak dibayarkannya upah hingga panen berikutnya menjadi isu penting yang menimbulkan ketidakadilan dalam hubungan kerja serta mempertanyakan aspek etika, keadilan, dan kepastian hukum. Permasalah ini menimbulkan pertanyaan utama yaitu bagaimana praktik pengupahan karyawan tambak benur vaname dengan sistem bayar panen, dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pengupahan karyawan tambak benur vaname dalam sistem bayar panen Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis dalam bentuk penelitian lapangan (field research). Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara terhadap 9 karyawan dan 3 pemilik tambak sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini mengacu pada teori akad ijarah dalam fikih muamalah, yang menegaskan kewajiban pembayaran upah setelah pekerja menyelesaikan tugasnya. Prinsip “al-kharāj bi al-ḍamān” juga digunakan sebagai dasar bahwa manfaat yang diterima pemberi kerja harus disertai tanggung jawab untuk membayar upah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paraktek pengupahan di tambak benur vaname desa banding dilakukan dengan cara melalui akad lisan dimana dengan perjanjian di awal bahwa pembayaran upah dilakukan setelah panen dengan ketentuan karyawan mendapatkan bagian sebesar Rp.1.- per ekor benur. Namun ketika gagal panen karyawan tidak mendapatkan upah sama sekali, termasuk dalam bentuk kompensasi, dan ini memberikan kerugian kepada para karyawan. Dimana hal itu tidak sesuai dengan prinsip Hukum Islam karna hak pekerja tidak di berikan sama sekali. Kata Kunci: Tinjauan Hukum Islam, Pengupahan Karyawan, Sistem Bayar Panen iii ABSTRACT The wage payment practice for vannamei shrimp farm employees in Banding Village, Rajabasa District, South Lampung, which uses a harvest-based payment system, creates issues when the harvest fails or is suboptimal. In such situations, employees do not receive wages, even though they have fulfilled their responsibilities. Delayed or even unpaid wages until the next harvest becomes a significant issue, raising concerns about fairness, ethics, and legal certainty in employment relationships. This issue leads to the main question: how does the harvest-based wage payment system for vannamei shrimp farm employees operate, and what is the perspective of Islamic law on this payment system? This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods in the form of field research. Data were obtained through observations and interviews with 9 employees and 3 farm owners as samples. This study refers to the ijarah contract theory in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalah), which emphasizes the obligation to pay wages once workers have completed their tasks. The principle of “al-kharāj bi al-ḍamān” is also applied, stating that benefits received by employers must be accompanied by the responsibility to pay wages. The research results show that the wage payment practice at the vannamei shrimp farms in Banding Village is carried out through oral agreements, with an initial agreement that wages are paid after harvest, where employees receive a payment of Rp.1 per shrimp. However, in the event of a failed harvest, employees do not receive any wages, including compensation, causing losses to the employees. This practice does not align with the principles of Islamic law, as employees' rights are not fulfilled at all. Keywords: Islamic Law Perspective, Employee Wages, Harvest Based Payment System Syste iv.

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