PRAKTIK PENUNDAAN KEHAMILAN PADA PENGANTIN BARU SELAMA MASA RUWATAN PERSPEKTIF ULAMA NAHDHATUL ULAMA (Studi Dusun Pujaya 1 Desa Muara Jaya II Kecamatan Kebun Tebu Kabupaten Lampung Barat)

RULI, FAJRI (2025) PRAKTIK PENUNDAAN KEHAMILAN PADA PENGANTIN BARU SELAMA MASA RUWATAN PERSPEKTIF ULAMA NAHDHATUL ULAMA (Studi Dusun Pujaya 1 Desa Muara Jaya II Kecamatan Kebun Tebu Kabupaten Lampung Barat). Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Suku Jawa merupakan salah satu kelompok etnis di Indonesia yang kaya akan tradisi budaya. Keunikan suku Jawa terletak pada keragaman praktik upacara atau ritual kebudayaan, salah satunya adalah ruwatan, yaitu upacara siraman dan doa untuk meminta keberkahan dalam kehidupan. Di Dusun Pujaya 1 Desa Muara Jaya II, ruwatan dilakukan pada pasangan pengantin baru, di mana calon ibu diruwat sebelum kehamilan. Tradisi ini mengharuskan pasangan menunda kehamilan untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan kehidupan rumah tangga hingga upacara ruwatan selesai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab tiga persoalan, bagaimana praktik menunda kehamilan selama masa ruwatan di Desa Muara Jaya II, bagaimana pandangan ulama Nahdlatul Ulama terhadap praktik penundaan kehamilan selama masa ruwatan, dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pandangan ulama NU mengenai praktik tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sifat deskriptif analitis. Penelitian dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi langsung di lapangan (field research). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah praktik penundaan kehamilan dilakukan berdasarkan perhitungan weton (hari pasaran dilakukannya resepsi pernikahan) atau tanggal 1 Suro sebagai waktu ruwatan massal. Dalam pandangan Islam, Majelis Wakil Cabang Nahdhatul Ulama (MWCNU) Kecamatan Kebun Tebu menilai praktik penundaan kehamilan ini termasuk makru>h karena tidak ada alasan medis yang mendesak. Namun, secara ‘urf, tradisi ini termasuk ‘Urf S{ah}i>h} (tradisi yang sah menurut hukum Islam), hal ini karena penundaan kehamilan bertujuan memberikan waktu bagi pasangan beradaptasi, dalam kehidupan pernikahan, refelksi, dan perhitungan akan kesiapan. Tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pendapat ulama NU menunjukkan bahwa pendapat mereka selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam. Meskipun praktik praktik penundaan kehamilan tergolong makru>h, ulama NU tetap mengakui validitasnya sebagai tradisi yang sesuai syariat selama dilakukan dengan niat baik dan tidak bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai agama. Tradisi ini dianggap sebagai bagian dari adat yang sah karena memenuhi syarat maslahat dalam Islam, yaitu mengedepankan manfaat selama tidak melanggar prinsip prinsip agama. Kata Kunci : Penundaan Kehamilan, Ruwatan Pandangan Ulama Nahdhatul Ulama, Hukum Keluarga Islam. ABSTRACT The Javanese people are one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia that are rich in cultural traditions. The uniqueness of the Javanese lies in the diversity of ceremonial or ritual practices, one of which is ruwatan, a ritual of cleansing and prayer to seek blessings in life. In Pujaya 1 Hamlet, Muara Jaya II Village, ruwatan is performed on newlywed couples, where the prospective mother undergoes the ritual before pregnancy. This tradition requires couples to postpone pregnancy to adjust to married life until the ruwatan ceremony is completed. This research aims to address three issues: how the practice of delaying pregnancy during the ruwatan period in Muara Jaya II Village is carried out, the views of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) scholars on the practice of delaying pregnancy during ruwatan, and the Islamic legal perspective on the NU scholars' views regarding this practice. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analytical nature. Data were collected through interviews and direct field observations (field research). The conclusion of this research is that the practice of delaying pregnancy is based on the calculation of weton (the market day of the wedding reception) or the 1st of Suro as the time for the mass ruwatan. In the Islamic view, the Nahdhatul Ulama Branch Council (MWCNU) of Kebun Tebu Subdistrict considers the practice of delaying pregnancy to be makru>h (discouraged) because there is no urgent medical reason. However, in terms of ‘urf (customary law), this tradition is categorized as ‘Urf S{ah}i>h} (valid tradition according to Islamic law) because delaying pregnancy aims to provide time for the couple to adapt to married life, reflect, and assess their readiness. The Islamic legal perspective on the NU scholars' views shows that their opinion is in line with the principles of Islamic law. Although the practice of delaying pregnancy is considered makru>h, NU scholars still recognize its validity as a tradition that aligns with Islamic teachings, as long as it is done with good intentions and does not contradict religious values. This tradition is considered part of legitimate custom as it fulfills the maslahah (public interest) requirement in Islam, prioritizing benefits as long as it does not violate religious principles. Keywords: Delaying Pregnancy, Ruwatan, Nahdlatul Ulama Scholars’ Perspective, Islamic Family Law.

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