KONVERGENSI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI ASEAN: PENGARUH INVESTASI ASING, KUALITAS TENAGA KERJA, DAN STABILITAS POLITIK TAHUN 2015-2024 DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID AL SHARIAH

LUTFIA, SALSABILA (2026) KONVERGENSI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI ASEAN: PENGARUH INVESTASI ASING, KUALITAS TENAGA KERJA, DAN STABILITAS POLITIK TAHUN 2015-2024 DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID AL SHARIAH. Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Pertumbuhan ekonomi negara-negara ASEAN masih menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan, yang tercermin dari variasi pendapatan per kapita dan laju perkembangan ekonomi antarnegara. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa proses konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi di ASEAN belum berjalan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh investasi asing, kualitas tenaga kerja, dan stabilitas politik terhadap konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi di ASEAN periode 2015–2024 serta meninjau konvergensi tersebut dalam perspektif maqashid al-shariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis data panel. Pemilihan model dilakukan melalui Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), dan Random Effect Model (REM), sedangkan pengujian hipotesis dilakukan melalui uji t dan uji F. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder negara negara ASEAN periode 2015–2024 yang diperoleh dari World Bank dan sumber terkait. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan menggunakan EViews 9 untuk mengetahui pengaruh investasi asing, kualitas tenaga kerja, dan stabilitas politik terhadap konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi asing berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kualitas tenaga kerja berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan, sedangkan stabilitas politik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut berpengaruh terhadap konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi di ASEAN. Dalam perspektif maqashid al-shariah, konvergensi ekonomi mendukung kemaslahatan melalui perlindungan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta, yang diwujudkan melalui pengembangan sektor halal, pendidikan, penciptaan lapangan kerja, serta pemerataan kesejahteraan. Kata kunci: konvergensi pertumbuhan ekonomi, ASEAN, investasi asing, kualitas tenaga kerja, stabilitas politik, maqashid al-shariah. ABSTRACT Economic growth in the ASEAN countries keeps showing notable differences, which can be seen in the varying levels of per capita income and the speed of economic development from one country to another. This condition suggests that the process of economic growth convergence within ASEAN has not yet been carried out in the most effective manner. This study seeks to examine how foreign investment, the quality of labor, and political stability influence economic growth convergence within ASEAN from 2015 to 2024, while also analyzing this convergence through the lens of maqashid al-shariah. This study uses a quantitative method based on panel data analysis. The process of choosing the appropriate model was carried out using the Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM).Hypothesis testing was done through the application of t-test and F-test. The data used in this study are secondary data collected from ASEAN countries between the years 2015 and 2024, sourced from the World Bank and other appropriate organizations. Data processing and analysis were carried out using EViews 9 to investigate how foreign investment, labor quality, and political stability influence economic growth convergence. The findings indicate that foreign investment has a positive impact on economic growth convergence, although this effect is not statistically significant. Labor quality has a negative but not statistically significant impact, whereas political stability has a positive and statistically significant effect. At the same time, these three variables influence the process of economic growth convergence within ASEAN. From the viewpoint of maqashid al-shariah, economic convergence supports public welfare by safeguarding religion, life, intellect, family, and property.This is evident in the growth of the halal industry, improvements in education, creation of job opportunities, and the promotion of fair welfare distribution. Keywords: economic growth convergence, ASEAN, foreign investment, labor quality, political stability, maqashid al-sharia.

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