BINTANG, RAMADHAN (2026) ANALISIS STATUS HAK KEPEMILIKAN DALAM TRANSAKSI E-BOOK DIGITAL PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH (Studi Pada Platform Aplikasi Google Play Book dan Gramedia Digital). Masters thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi digital telah menggeser pola konsumsi literasi dari buku fisik ke e-book, melahirkan transaksi ekonomi baru yang menimbulkan ambiguitas status kepemilikan. Penelitian ini menganalisis status hak kepemilikan dalam transaksi e-book digital pada platform Google Play Books dan Gramedia Digital menurut hukum positif Indonesia dan hukum ekonomi syariah. Menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, data dikumpulkan dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, termasuk EULA platform, peraturan perundangundangan, dan literatur fikih kontemporer. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan istilah "Beli" merupakan fenomena Lex Informatica (penyederhanaan bahasa komersial). Secara hukum positif, transaksi ini sah sebagai lisensi, namun kontradiksi antara label "Beli" dan substansi "Lisensi" yang tersembunyi dalam EULA (Dark Patterns) melanggar asas transparansi UU Perlindungan Konsumen. Menurut perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, objek e-book bukanlah Milk al-'Ayn (benda fisik), melainkan Ḥuqūq al-Maʿnawiyyah (hak maknawi). Jika dipaksakan sebagai akad Al-Bai', transaksi ini berpotensi cacat (Tanāquḍ/Fāsid) akibat Garar dan Tadlīs. Namun, berdasarkan pendekatan fikih kontemporer (Al-Ibrah fil 'Uqud lil Maqāṣid) dan Keputusan Majma' al-Fiqh al-Islami, akad ini sah secara syariah sebagai Ijārah Muʾabbadah (sewa jangka panjang) atau Bayʿ al-ḥuqūq (jual beli hak pakai), dengan syarat mutlak platform wajib mendeklarasikan status lisensi secara transparan di awal transaksi. Penelitian ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan Hardblock tanpa mekanisme Refund adalah tindakan Faskh (pembatalan akad) sepihak yang melanggar prinsip Hifz al-Mal. Rekomendasi mencakup kewajiban disclaimer transparan, larangan hardblock tanpa kompensasi, penyesuaian harga, dan peningkatan literasi digital konsumen. ABSTRACT The advancement of digital technology has fundamentally shifted literacy consumption patterns from physical books to e-books, giving rise to new economic transactions that create ambiguity regarding ownership status. This research analyzes the ownership status in e-book transactions on Google Play Books and Gramedia Digital platforms under Indonesian positive law and Islamic economic law. Employing library research with a normative-juridical approach, data were gathered from primary and secondary legal materials, including platform EULAs, legislation, and contemporary fiqh literature. The findings reveal that the term "Buy" constitutes a Lex Informatica phenomenon (commercial language simplification). Under positive law, the transaction is valid as a license; however, the contradiction between the "Buy" label and the "License" substance hidden in EULAs (Dark Patterns) violates the transparency principle of the Consumer Protection Law. According to the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, the e-book object is not Milk al- 'Ayn (physical object) but rather Ḥuqūq al-Maʿnawiyyah (intangible rights). If forced into an Al-Bai' contract, the transaction risks being defective (Tanāquḍ/Fāsid) due to Garar and Tadlīs.Nevertheless, based on contemporary fiqh approaches (Al-Ibrah fil 'Uqud lil Maqāṣid) and the resolution of Majma' al-Fiqh al-Islami, this contract is valid under Shariah as Ijārah Muʾabbadah (long-term lease) or Bayʿ al-ḥuqūq (sale of usufruct rights), with the absolute condition that platforms must transparently declare the license status at the outset of the transaction. The study also concludes that Hardblock policies without a Refund mechanism constitute unilateral Faskh (contract annulment) violating the principle of Hifz al-Mal. Recommendations include mandatory transparent disclaimers, prohibition of hardblock without compensation, price adjustments, and enhanced consumer digital literacy.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Muamalah (Hukum Ekonomi Syariah) |
| Divisions: | Pasca Sarjana > S2 Hukum Ekonomi Syariah |
| Depositing User: | LAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN UINRIL REFERENSI |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2026 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2026 08:14 |
| URI: | https://repository.radenintan.ac.id/id/eprint/46240 |
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