ANALISIS MAKROZOOBENTOS SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI WAY BALAU, BANDAR LAMPUNG

PUJA, PUTRI ROMADAN (2026) ANALISIS MAKROZOOBENTOS SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI WAY BALAU, BANDAR LAMPUNG. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

Sungai Way Balau merupakan sungai di Kota Bandar Lampung yang melintasi kawasan permukiman, fasilitas kesehatan, dan industri sehingga berpotensi mengalami penurunan kualitas air akibat aktivitas manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air Sungai Way Balau berdasarkan keberadaan makrozoobentos sebagai bioindikator. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif melalui observasi lapangan. Pengambilan sampel makrozoobentos menggunakan Ekman Grab dan saringan bertingkat, sedangkan kualitas air yang diukur meliputi suhu, dissolved oxygen (DO), dan biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Analisis data menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’), indeks keseragaman (E), dan indeks dominansi (C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makrozoobentos hanya terdiri atas dua genus, yaitu Tarebia dan Viviparus dengan total 40 individu. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman berkisar 0,500–0,690 yang termasuk kategori rendah, indeks keseragaman berkisar 0,722–0,996 yang termasuk kategori tinggi, dan indeks dominansi berkisar 0,503–0,680 yang termasuk kategori sedang. Parameter suhu berkisar antara 27,8–30,4°C dan masih memenuhi baku mutu kelas II, sedangkan nilai DO berkisar antara 4,6–6,4 mg/L juga masih memenuhi baku mutu. Namun, nilai BOD berkisar antara 9–24 mg/L melebihi baku mutu kelas II dengan nilai 3 mg/L sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam PP No. 22 Tahun 2021. Makrozoobentos yang ditemukan seluruhnya termasuk dalam kelas Gastropoda yang relatif mampu bertahan pada perairan dengan beban pencemaran organik. Kata kunci: Bioindikator, kualitas air sungai, makrozoobentos. The Way Balau River is located in Bandar Lampung City and flows through residential areas, healthcare facilities, and industrial zones, making it vulnerable to declining water quality due to human activities. This study aimed to analyze the water quality of the Way Balau River based on the presence of macrozoobenthos as bioindicators. A quantitative method with a descriptive design was employed through field observations. Macrozoobenthos samples were collected using an Ekman Grab and a series of sieves, while the measured water quality parameters included temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Data were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), and dominance index (C). The results showed that the macrozoobenthos consisted of only two genera, namely Tarebia and Viviparus, with a total of 40 individuals. The diversity index ranged from 0.500 to 0.690 and was categorized as low, the evenness index ranged from 0.722 to 0.996 and was categorized as high, while the dominance index ranged from 0.503 to 0.680 and was categorized as moderate. Water temperature ranged from 27.8 to 30.4°C and still met the Class II water quality standard, while DO values ranged from 4.6 to 6.4 mg/L and also met the standard. However, BOD values ranged from 9 to 24 mg/L, exceeding the Class II standard of 3 mg/L as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. All macrozoobenthos found belonged to the class Gastropoda, which is relatively capable of surviving in waters with organic pollution loads. Keywords: Bioindicator, macrozoobenthos, river water quality.

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