MUTIARA, AZIZIAH (2026) PENGARUH EKSPOR, IMPOR DAN NILAI TUKAR (KURS) TERHADAP NERACA PEMBAYARAN DI 5 NEGARA ASEAN MENURUT PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM TAHUN 2014-2024. Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekspor, impor, dan nilai tukar terhadap neraca pembayaran pada lima negara ASEAN, yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, dan Brunei Darussalam selama periode 2014–2024, baik dari perspektif ekonomi konvensional maupun ekonomi Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan memanfaatkan data panel yang diperoleh dari World Bank melalui basis data World Development Indicators. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan bantuan perangkat lunak EViews. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspor berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap neraca pembayaran melalui peningkatan penerimaan devisa dan penguatan transaksi berjalan. Impor juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap neraca pembayaran, khususnya apabila impor tersebut berupa barang modal dan bahan baku yang mendukung produksi domestik serta pertumbuhan ekonomi, meskipun impor barang konsumsi yang berlebihan dapat melemahkan keseimbangan eksternal. Selain itu, nilai tukar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap neraca pembayaran melalui dampaknya terhadap daya saing ekspor dan biaya impor. Secara simultan, ekspor, impor, dan nilai tukar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap neraca pembayaran pada lima negara ASEAN tersebut. Dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam, pengelolaan neraca pembayaran harus menjunjung tinggi prinsip keseimbangan (tawazun), keadilan ('adl), serta menghindari praktik riba dan aktivitas spekulatif dalam transaksi ekonomi internasional. Kata kunci: Ekonomi Islam; Ekspor; Impor; Nilai Tukar; Neraca Pembayaran. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the effect of exports, imports, and exchange rates on the balance of payments in five ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Brunei Darussalam during the 2014–2024 period from both economic and Islamic perspectives. This research employs a quantitative associative approach using panel data obtained from the World Bank through the World Development Indicators database. The data were analyzed using panel data regression with EViews software. The findings reveal that exports have a positive and significant effect on the balance of payments by increasing foreign exchange earnings and strengthening the current account. Imports also significantly affect the balance of payments, particularly when they consist of capital goods and raw materials that support domestic production and economic growth, although excessive imports of consumption goods may weaken external balances. Furthermore, the exchange rate significantly influences the balance of payments through its impact on export competitiveness and import costs. Simultaneously, exports, imports, and exchange rates significantly affect the balance of payments in the five ASEAN countries. From an Islamic economics perspective, balance of payments management should uphold the principles of balance (tawazun), justice („adl), and the avoidance of riba and speculative activities in international economic transactions. Keywords: Islamic Economics, Exports, Imports, Exchange Rate, Balance of Payments.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Ekonomi Islam |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam > Ekonomi Islam |
| Depositing User: | LAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN UINRIL REFERENSI |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2026 04:49 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2026 04:49 |
| URI: | https://repository.radenintan.ac.id/id/eprint/45673 |
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