PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN KESEHATAN BERBASIS PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

SEPRIANA, URIANTI (2026) PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN KESEHATAN BERBASIS PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG. Doctoral thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ASTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih rendahnya implementasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di masyarakat meskipun program telah dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan. Permasalahan utama terletak pada rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, pendekatan promosi kesehatan yang masih bersifat topdown, serta belum optimalnya pemanfaatan data komunitas dalam perencanaan program kesehatan. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara kebijakan kesehatan yang telah dirancang dengan praktik di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis partisipasi dalam meningkatkan implementasi PHBS di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Permata Sukarame Kota Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan mengacu pada model pengembangan Borg and Gall. Tahapan penelitian meliputi studi pendahuluan, analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan produk awal, validasi ahli, revisi, uji coba pada kelompok kecil, uji coba pada kelompok besar dan penyempurnaan produk final. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, angket, dan diskusi kelompok. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan promosi kesehatan masih didominasi oleh metode penyuluhan satu arah, sehingga keterlibatan masyarakat dalam proses identifikasi masalah dan perencanaan tindakan kesehatan belum optimal. Selain itu, pemanfaatan data dan teknologi digital dalam kegiatan kesehatan masih terbatas. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dikembangkan model Data Driven Community Empowerment (DDCE) yaitu model pemberdayaan kesehatan berbasis data komunitas, partisipasi masyarakat, teknologi digital, serta penguatan nilai-nilai Islam sebagai motivasi dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa model ini mampu meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat, pemahaman, serta keterlibatan dalam kegiatan kesehatan secara lebih aktif dan berkelanjutan. Dengan demikian, model DDCE dinyatakan layak dan efektif sebagai pendekatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan implementasi PHBS. Model ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif strategi promosi kesehatan berbasis partisipasi yang lebih kontekstual, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan ABSTRACT This study was motivated by the low implementation of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat / PHBS) within the community despite the continuous implementation of the program. The main problems identified include low community participation, health promotion approaches that are still predominantly top-down in nature, and the limited utilization of community data in health program planning. These conditions indicate a gap between established health policies and their implementation at the community level. This study aimed to develop a participatory community empowerment model to improve the implementation of PHBS in the working area of the Permata Sukarame Community Health Center, Bandar Lampung City. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method based on the Borg and Gall development model. The research stages included a preliminary study, needs analysis, initial product development, expert validation, revision, smallgroup trials, large-group trials, and refinement of the final product. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and group discussions. Data were analyzed using qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches. The findings revealed that health promotion activities were still dominated by one-way counseling methods, resulting in limited community involvement in problem identification and health action planning processes. In addition, the utilization of data and digital technology in health promotion activities remained suboptimal. Based on these findings, the Data Driven Community Empowerment (DDCE) model was developed as a community health empowerment model based on community data, community participation, digital technology, and the strengthening of Islamic values as motivational support to enhance public awareness and participation. The trial results demonstrated that the model was able to improve community participation, understanding, and engagement in health activities in a more active and sustainable manner. Therefore, the DDCE model was considered feasible and effective as a community empowerment approach to improve the implementation of PHBS. This model is expected to serve as an alternative participatory health promotion strategy that is more contextual, adaptive, and sustainable.

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