Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Handout Pada Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Motivasi Belajar Kelas VII Siswa SMP

ANITA, FRITICHIA (2026) Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Handout Pada Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Motivasi Belajar Kelas VII Siswa SMP. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar merupakan kompetensi penting yang harus dimiliki peserta didik pada abad ke-21. Namun, hasil pra penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar siswa kelas VII masih tergolong rendah. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah model Problem Based Learning berbantuan handout. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Based Learning berbantuan handout terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar siswa pada materi pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experimental dan desain pretest-posttest control group design. Sampel ditentukan melalui teknik cluster random sampling, sehingga diperoleh kelas VIIA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VIIB sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes esai kemampuan berpikir kritis dan angket motivasi belajar yang telah melalui uji validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, dan daya pembeda. Analisis data diawali dengan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas sebagai uji prasyarat, dilanjutkan dengan uji N-Gain untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar, serta uji Independent Sample ttest untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (<0,05), sehingga H₀ ditolak dan H₁ diterima. Selain itu, hasil uji N-Gain menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi ABSTRACT Critical thinking skills and learning motivation are essential competencies that students must possess in the 21st century. However, preliminary research indicated that the critical thinking skills and learning motivation of seventh-grade students were still relatively low. One alternative to address this problem is the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by handouts. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by handouts on students' critical thinking skills and learning motivation in environmental pollution material. This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasiexperimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample was selected using the cluster random sampling technique, resulting in Class VIIA as the experimental class and Class VIIB as the control class. The research instruments consisted of an essay test to measure critical thinking skills and a learning motivation questionnaire, both of which had met the requirements of validity, reliability, item difficulty, and discrimination index tests. Data were analyzed using normality and homogeneity tests as prerequisite analyses, followed by the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in critical thinking skills and learning motivation, and the Independent Samples t-test to test the research hypothesis. The results showed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. Furthermore, the N-Gain analysis revealed that the improvement in critical thinking skills and learning motivation of students in the experimental class was higher than that of the control class. Therefore, the Problem Based Learning model assisted by handouts had a significant effect on improving students' critical thinking skills and learning motivation in environmental pollution material.

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