PERBANDINGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI

Afiyah, Ghefira (2026) PERBANDINGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI. Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Berpikir kritis menjadi salah satu kunci kecerdasan peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil pra penelitian di SMA Gajah Mada Bandar Lampung, menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih tergolong rendah. Tujuan pembelajaran belum dapat tercapai secara optimal sehingga diperlukan adanya perbaikan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui penerapan model yang mampu menempatkan peserta didik sebagai pusat pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan antara model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dan Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas X pada materi perubahaan lingkungan di SMA Gajah Mada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy experiment, desain penelitian yang digunakan pretest-posttest control group design, populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Gajah Mada Bandar Lampung, dengan teknik sampling yaitu Purposive Sampling yang menghasilkan sampel kelas X.4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dua dan kelas X.5 sebagai kelas eksperimen satu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi tes soal essay. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji Independent Sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Uji T sig (2-tailed) diperoleh 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga terdapat perbedaan antara model problem based learning dengan model discovery learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kirtis peserta didik, perbedaan dapat di lihat dari nilai rata-rata menggunakan model problem based learning sebesar 85,78 mengalami peningkatan tinggi dengan nilai n-Gain 0,72 sedangkan nilai rata-rata menggunakan model discovery learning sebesar 68,44 mengalami peningkatan sedang dengan nilai n-Gain 0,44. dapat diartikan bahwa kelas yang menggunakan model problem based learning lebih efektif dalam mengingkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. ABSTRAK Critical thinking is one of the key indicators of students' intellectual development. Based on the results of a preliminary study conducted at Gajah Mada Senior High School, Bandar Lampung, students' critical thinking skills were found to be relatively low. Consequently, learning objectives had not been achieved optimally, indicating the need for improvements in the learning process through the implementation of learning models that place students at the center of learning activities. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning and Problem-Based Learning models on the critical thinking skills of tenth-grade students in the Environmental Change topic at Gajah Mada Senior High School, Bandar Lampung. This study employed a quasi-experimental research method using a pretest-posttest control group design. The population consisted of all tenth-grade students at Gajah Mada Senior High School, Bandar Lampung. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in Class X.4 as Experimental Class II and Class X.5 as Experimental Class I. The research instrument consisted of essay test questions. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and the Independent Samples tTest. The results of the study showed that the significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) obtained from the Independent Samples t-Test was 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the Problem-Based Learning and Discovery Learning models in terms of students' critical thinking skills. This difference can be seen from the mean scores obtained by each group. Students who were taught using the Problem-Based Learning model achieved a mean score of 85.78 and showed a high improvement with an N-Gain score of 0.72. In contrast, students who were taught using the Discovery Learning model achieved a mean score of 68.44 and showed a moderate improvement with an N-Gain score of 0.44. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Problem-Based Learning model is more effective in improving students' critical thinking skills than the Discovery Learning model.

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