PRAKTIK JUAL BELI IKAN DENGAN SISTEM PESANAN DI TPI LEMPASING: ANALISIS KEABSAHAN AKAD SALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH

NADIA, RAHMAWATI (2026) PRAKTIK JUAL BELI IKAN DENGAN SISTEM PESANAN DI TPI LEMPASING: ANALISIS KEABSAHAN AKAD SALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Praktik jual beli ikan melalui sistem pesanan merupakan mekanisme transaksi umum di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Lempasing, Kecamatan Teluk Betung Barat, Kota Bandar Lampung. Pembeli memesan ikan sebelum barang tersedia fisik, lalu penjual menyiapkan melalui lelang. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kesesuaian praktik tersebut dengan perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah, khususnya akad salam. Menggunakan pendekatan empiris kualitatif, data diperoleh via wawancara mendalam dengan informan dan observasi langsung. Analisis berdasarkan indikator akad salam: mekanisme pembayaran, kejelasan objek akad, dan penetapan harga. Hasil menunjukkan praktik belum sepenuhnya memenuhi ketentuan akad salam. Pembayaran tidak utuh di awal akad, hanya uang muka sebagai tanda pemesanan, dengan pelunasan setelah ikan tersedia dan ditimbang. Harga dan spesifikasi kualitas ikan belum pasti saat akad, baru ditetapkan setelah pemeriksaan langsung. Ini menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian dengan syarat pokok akad salam, yang mengharuskan pembayaran penuh awal dan kejelasan objek sejak awal. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktik jual beli ikan melalui sistem pesanan di TPI Lempasing belum sepenuhnya selaras dengan ketentuan akad salam dalam fiqh muamalah. ABSTACT The practice of buying and selling fish through an order system is a common transaction mechanism at the Lempasing Fish Auction Site (TPI), Teluk Betung Barat District, Bandar Lampung City. Buyers place orders for fish before the goods are physically available, then sellers prepare them through an auction. This study evaluates the suitability of this practice from the perspective of Islamic economic law, specifically the salam contract. Using a qualitative empirical approach, data was obtained through in-depth interviews with informants and direct observation. The analysis was based on salam contract indicators: payment mechanism, clarity of the contract object, and price determination. The results show that the practice does not fully comply with the provisions of the salam contract. Payment is not made in full at the beginning of the contract, only a down payment as a sign of order, with full payment after the fish is available and weighed. The price and quality specifications of the fish are not yet certain at the time of the contract, but are only determined after direct inspection. This shows a discrepancy with the basic requirements of the salam contract, which requires full payment at the outset and clarity of the object from the start. Thus, it can be concluded that the practice of buying and selling fish through the order system at the Lempasing Fish Landing Place is not yet fully in line with the provisions of the salam contract in fiqh muamalah.

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