ATIKAH, NURUL HUDA (2026) PENGARUH DIGITALISASI EKONOMI DAN INVESTASI STARTUP TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR INFORMAL DI 5 KOTA METROPOLITAN INDONESIA ( JAKARTA, SURABAYA, BANDUNG, MEDAN, DAN MAKASSAR ) TAHUN 2020 – 2024 DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi digital secara global telah membawa perubahan mendasar dalam struktur ekonomi dan ketenagakerjaan di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Digitalisasi ekonomi menciptakan sistem baru yang berbasis pada teknologi informasi, otomatisasi, dan konektivitas digital, yang tidak hanya mengubah cara manusia bekerja tetapi juga menciptakan peluang serta tantangan baru di pasar tenaga kerja. Di Indonesia, proses digitalisasi ini mendorong pertumbuhan ekosistem startup dan inovasi berbasis teknologi yang menjadi pendorong utama ekonomi modern, sementara sektor informal memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap perekonomian namun rentan terhadap perubahan struktural akibat perkembangan teknologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan penelitian secara kuantitatif dengan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode pengamatan 2020-2024 di 5 kota metropolitan. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi data panel menggunakan perangkat lunak EViews 13, melalui pengujian Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, dan Random Effect Model, serta pemilihan model terbaik menggunakan Uji Chow, Uji Hausman, dan Uji Lagrange Multiplier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor informal. Perkembangan e-commerce dan teknologi digital membuka lapangan kerja baru, meningkatkan efisiensi usaha, serta memperluas akses pasar bagi pelaku UMKM. Investasi startup juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, baik secara langsung melalui perekrutan tenaga kerja digital maupun secara tidak langsung melalui efek berganda (multiplier effect) terhadap sektor pendukung ekonomi digital. Secara simultan, kedua variabel dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor informal. Dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam, hasil ini mencerminkan penerapan nilai maslahah , takaful (solidaritas sosial), dan ’adl (keadilan sosial) yang menekankan pemerataan manfaat ekonomi. Kata kunci : Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektor Infromal, Digitalisasi Ekonomi, Investasi Startup, Ekonomi Islam. ABSTRACT The global development of digital technology has brought fundamental changes to the economic and employment structures of various countries, including Indonesia. Economic digitalization has created new systems based on information technology, automation, and digital connectivity, transforming not only the way people work but also creating new opportunities and challenges in the labor market. In Indonesia, this digitalization process has driven the growth of the startup ecosystem and technology-based innovation, which are the main drivers of the modern economy. Meanwhile, the informal sector contributes significantly to the economy but is vulnerable to structural changes caused by technological advancements. The research method used is a quantitative approach using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the 2020-2024 observation period in five metropolitan cities. The analysis was conducted using panel data regression using EViews 13 software, through testing the Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, and Random Effect Model. The best model was selected using the Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test. The results indicate that economic digitalization has a positive and significant impact on informal sector labor absorption. The development of e-commerce and digital technology has created new jobs, increased business efficiency, and expanded market access for MSMEs. Startup investment has also had a positive and significant impact on employment, both directly through the recruitment of digital workers and indirectly through the multiplier effect on sectors supporting the digital economy. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence informal sector employment. From an Islamic economic perspective, these results reflect the application of the values of maslahah, takaful (social solidarity), and 'adl (social justice), which emphasize the equitable distribution of economic benefits. Keywords: Informal Sector Labor Absorption, Economic Digitalization, Startup Investment, Islamic Economics.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Ekonomi Islam |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam > Ekonomi Islam |
| Depositing User: | LAYANAN PERPUSTAKAAN UINRIL REFERENSI |
| Date Deposited: | 05 May 2026 04:45 |
| Last Modified: | 05 May 2026 04:45 |
| URI: | https://repository.radenintan.ac.id/id/eprint/43713 |
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