PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 20/PHPU.BUP-XXIII/2025 TENTANG SENGKETA HASIL PILKADA KABUPATEN PESAWARAN PERSPEKTIF SIYASAH QADHA’IYYAH

IKA, MILA SARI (2026) PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 20/PHPU.BUP-XXIII/2025 TENTANG SENGKETA HASIL PILKADA KABUPATEN PESAWARAN PERSPEKTIF SIYASAH QADHA’IYYAH. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Sengketa hasil pemilihan umum di Kabupaten Pesawaran pada tahun 2024 merupakan masalah konstitusional di mana pasangan calon kedua mengajukan gugatan ke Mahkamah Konstitusi atas dugaan pelanggaran administratif dalam proses verifikasi calon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertimbangan hukum Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Putusan Nomor. 20/PHPU.BUPXXIII/2025 dari perspektif Siyasah Qadha’iyyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif normatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan, yang dievaluasi dari perspektif Siyasah Qadha'iyyah, cabang fiqh siyasah terkait sistem hukum Islam, termasuk prinsip keadilan, kewenangan hakim, dan kepentingan umum. Data diperoleh dari Putusan MK, undang-undang, serta literatur Siyasah Qadha’iyyah. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan pertimbangan hukum Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan prinsip-prinsip al- 'adl (keadilan), al-amanah (tanggung jawab), dan al-maslahah (kepentingan umum) dalam Siyasah Qadha’iyyah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah Konstitusi telah menerapkan prinsipprinsip al-'adl dan al-amanah dengan mendiskualifikasi calon dan memerintahkan pemungutan suara ulang sebagai upaya mewujudkan keadilan substantif dan menjaga integritas demokrasi. Namun, terlihat bahwa penekanan pada keadilan prosedural belum sepenuhnya menghasilkan keadilan materiil dan kemaslahatan publik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa, meskipun prosedur pengambilan putusan telah memenuhi standar formal, diperlukan penguatan fleksibilitas pembuktian, transparansi pertimbangan hukum, serta mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih berorientasi pada keseimbangan antara keadilan dan kemaslahatan sesuai dengan prinsip Siyasah Qadha’iyyah. ABSTRACT The dispute over the results of the 2024 general election in Pesawaran Regency is a constitutional issue in which the second candidate pair filed a lawsuit with the Constitutional Court over alleged administrative violations in the candidate verification process. This study aims to analyze the Constitutional Court's legal considerations in Decision No. 20/PHPU.BUP-XXIII/2025 from the perspective of Siyasah Qadha'iyyah. This study uses a normative qualitative method with a literature review approach, which is evaluated from the perspective of Siyasah Qadha'iyyah, a branch of fiqh siyasah related to the Islamic legal system, including the principles of justice, judicial authority, and public interest. Data were obtained from the Constitutional Court's decision, laws, and Siyasah Qadha'iyyah literature. The analysis was conducted by comparing the Constitutional Court's legal considerations with the principles of al- 'adl (justice), al-amanah (responsibility), and al-maslahah (public interest) in Siyasah Qadha'iyyah. The results of the study show that the Constitutional Court has applied the principles of al-'adl and alamanah by disqualifying candidates and ordering a re-vote in an effort to achieve substantive justice and maintain the integrity of democracy. However, in the emphasis on procedural justice has not fully resulted in substantive justice and the public interest. This study concludes that, although the decision-making procedure has met formal standards, there is a need to strengthen the flexibility of evidence, transparency of legal considerations, and dispute resolution mechanisms that are more oriented towards a balance between justice and public interest in accordance with the principle of Siyasah Qadha'iyyah.

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