HAK PREROGATIF PRESIDEN PASCA REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG KEMENTERIAN NEGARA: TINJAUAN KONSTITUSIONAL DAN FIQH SIYASAH

Musyafa, Ahmad Attaji (2026) HAK PREROGATIF PRESIDEN PASCA REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG KEMENTERIAN NEGARA: TINJAUAN KONSTITUSIONAL DAN FIQH SIYASAH. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Revisi Pasal 15 Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2008 menjadi Pasal 15 Undang-Undang Nomor 61 Tahun 2024 tentang Kementerian Negara telah menghapus batasan maksimal jumlah kementerian yang sebelumnya ditetapkan sebanyak 34 kementerian. Perubahan ini memberikan diskresi yang lebih luas kepada Presiden dalam menentukan struktur kabinet sesuai kebutuhan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Penelitian ini menganalisis implikasi yuridis dari revisi tersebut terhadap hak prerogatif Presiden dalam sistem presidensial Indonesia, serta meninjau kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip fiqh siyasah dusturiyah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun revisi Pasal 15 UU No. 39 Tahun 2008 secara formal berada dalam koridor konstitusional sebagai bentuk legal policy pembentuk undang-undang, perluasan kewenangan Presiden berpotensi melemahkan prinsip checks and balances dalam sistem ketatanegaraan. Dalam perspektif fiqh siyasah dusturiyah, pembentukan kementerian harus berpedoman pada prinsip kemaslahatan (maslahah), keadilan ('adl), amanah (alamanah), dan musyawarah (syura). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan rekonstruksi paradigma pembentukan kabinet berbasis zaken kabinet dan meritokrasi, serta penguatan fungsi pengawasan DPR melalui optimalisasi fungsi anggaran dan evaluasi kinerja kementerian, agar efektivitas pemerintahan tetap berjalan selaras dengan prinsip pembatasan kekuasaan dalam negara hukum yang demokratis. ABSTRACT The revision of Article 15 of Law Number 39 of 2008 into Article 15 of Law Number 61 of 2024 concerning State Ministries has removed the maximum limit on the number of ministries, which was previously set at 34 ministries. This amendment grants broader discretion to the President in determining the structure of the cabinet according to the needs of governmental administration. This study analyzes the juridical implications of the revision on the President‟s prerogative rights within Indonesia‟s presidential system and examines its compatibility with the principles of fiqh siyasah dusturiyah. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that although the revision of Article 15 of Law Number 39 of 2008 formally remains within the constitutional framework as a legal policy enacted by the legislature, the expansion of presidential authority has the potential to weaken the principle of checks and balances within the constitutional system. From the perspective of fiqh siyasah dusturiyah, the establishment of ministries must adhere to the principles of public welfare (maslahah), justice („adl), trustworthiness (al-amanah), and consultation (syura). This study recommends a reconstruction of the cabinetformation paradigm based on the concept of a zaken kabinet and meritocracy, as well as strengthening the supervisory function of the House of Representatives (DPR) through the optimization of budgetary oversight and evaluation of ministerial performance, so that governmental effectiveness remains aligned with the principle of limitation of power within a democratic rule-of-law state.

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