DINAMIKA PERDAGANGAN LADA DI LAMPUNG 1859-1930

Della, Dwi Lestari (2026) DINAMIKA PERDAGANGAN LADA DI LAMPUNG 1859-1930. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The Dynamics Of Pepper Trade in Lampung 1859-1930 This study aims to provide a detailed explanation of the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung during the specified period, the factors that influenced its changes, and the impact of the 1930 global economic crisis on the pepper trade in the region. The research employs the historical method, which consists of four main stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings of this study highlight several important aspects of the pepper trade in Lampung. First, the history of pepper trade in Lampung prior to the 19th century can be divided into two main phases: the era of Banten‟s rule and the VOC period. During the Banten era, trade management was overseen by five successive sultans, but from the reign of Sultan Haji onward, the VOC began to interfere. After securing control over trade routes, the VOC tightened its grip on pepper production and distribution, while also establishing military infrastructure, including the construction of Fort Albertus in Menggala in 1738. Second, between 1859 and 1930, the pepper trade in Lampung experienced significant fluctuations from year to year. These dynamics were influenced by several factors, such as pest infestations, colonial policies, and the socio-economic conditions of local communities. Third, the global economic crisis of 1930 had a profound impact on the economy of the Dutch East Indies, particularly in the plantation sector. However, its effect on Lampung‟s pepper trade was relatively milder compared to other commodities such as sugar and tobacco, since the global demand for pepper remained stable. Nevertheless, pepper production in Lampung continued to face serious challenges, including poor crop maintenance, pest outbreaks, and shifting colonial economic policies. ABSTRAK Dinamika Perdagangan Lada di Lampung 1859-1930 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan secara jelas dinamika perdagangan lada daerah Lampung di periode terkait, ragam faktor di mana memengaruhi perubahan, serta dampak krisis ekonomi dunia tahun 1930 terhadap perdagangan lada di Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang mencakup empat tahapan utama, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan beberapa poin penting mengenai perdagangan lada daerah Lampung. Pertama, sejarah perdagangan lada di Lampung sebelum abad ke-19 terbagi dalam dua fase utama, yaitu masa kekuasaan Banten dan masa VOC. Pada masa Banten, pengelolaan dilakukan oleh lima Sultan, namun sejak masa Sultan Haji VOC mulai ikut campur. Setelah berhasil menguasai jalur perdagangan, VOC memperketat kontrol atas produksi dan distribusi lada, serta membangun infrastruktur militer, salah satunya Benteng Albertus di Menggala pada tahun 1738. Kedua, pada periode 1859–1930 perdagangan lada di Lampung mengalami dinamika yang cukup tajam setiap tahunnya. Fluktuasi ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti serangan hama, kebijakan kolonial, serta kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat. Ketiga, krisis ekonomi dunia tahun 1930 memberikan dampak besar bagi perekonomian Hindia Belanda, terutama pada sektor perkebunan. Namun, pengaruhnya terhadap lada di Lampung relatif lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan komoditas lain seperti gula dan tembakau, karena permintaan lada tetap stabil di pasar global. Meski demikian, produksi lada di Lampung tetap menghadapi tantangan serius berupa buruknya pemeliharaan tanaman, serangan hama, dan perubahan kebijakan ekonomi kolonial.

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