EFEKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR FERMENTASI BERBASIS CAMPURAN AIR CUCIAN BERAS DAN AMPAS TEH PADA PERTUMBUHAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans Poir.)

Mutialatul, Hasanah (2025) EFEKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR FERMENTASI BERBASIS CAMPURAN AIR CUCIAN BERAS DAN AMPAS TEH PADA PERTUMBUHAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penurunan kesuburan tanah akibat penggunaan pupuk kimia berlebih menjadi tantangan dalam pertanian modern. Salah satu alternatif ramah lingkungan adalah pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga seperti air cucian beras dan ampas teh sebagai bahan dasar pupuk organik cair (POC). Kedua bahan tersebut mengandung unsur hara makro dan mikro seperti nitrogen (N), fosfor (P), dan kalium (K) yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas POC fermentasi berbasis campuran air cucian beras dan ampas teh terhadap pertumbuhan kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Karang Sari, Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan pada bulan Juni–Juli 2025, menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan: kontrol negatif (air biasa), kontrol positif (NPK 3 g), POC 15%, POC 30%, dan POC 40%, masing-masing dengan lima ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman (cm), panjang batang (cm), jumlah daun (helai), berat basah (g), dan klorofil (mg/L). Hasil analisis ragam (uji ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa pemberian POC berpengaruh signifikan terhadap seluruh parameter pertumbuhan tanaman (Sig. < 0,05). Perlakuan POC 40% memberikan hasil tertinggi dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman 38,2 cm, panjang batang 28,5 cm, jumlah daun 13,2 helai, dan berat basah 25,8 g, serta berbeda nyata dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Sementara itu, kandungan klorofil tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan NPK 3 g. Dengan demikian, POC fermentasi berbasis campuran air cucian beras dan ampas teh konsentrasi 40% efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif kangkung darat dan berpotensi menjadi alternatif pupuk organik cair yang ramah lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Pupuk organik cair, Air cucian beras, Ampas teh, Kangkung darat, Pertumbuhan tanaman. ABSTRACT Declining soil fertility due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers is a challenge in modern agriculture. One environmentally friendly alternative is the use of household waste such as rice washing water and tea grounds as raw materials for liquid organic fertilizer (POC). Both materials contain macro and micro nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) which play an important role in plant growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of fermented POC based on a mixture of rice washing water and tea leaves on the growth of land water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). The study was conducted in Karang Sari Village, Jati Agung, South Lampung in June–July 2025, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments: negative control (plain water), positive control (3 g NPK), 15% POC, 30% POC, and 40% POC, each with five replicates. The parameters observed included plant height (cm), stem length (cm), number of leaves (blades), wet weight (g), and chlorophyll (mg/L). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that POC application had a significant effect on all plant growth parameters (Sig. < 0.05). The 40% POC treatment yielded the highest results with an average plant height of 38.2 cm, stem length of 28.5 cm, number of leaves of 13.2, and wet weight of 25.8 g, and was significantly different from the other treatments. Meanwhile, the highest chlorophyll content was obtained in the NPK 3 g treatment. Thus, 40% concentration POC fermentation based on a mixture of rice washing water and tea waste effectively enhances the vegetative growth of water spinach and has the potential to become an environmentally friendly alternative to liquid organic fertilizer. Keywords: Liquid organic fertilizer, Rice washing water, Tea grounds, Land water spinach, plant growth.

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