LITERATURE REVIEW: EFEKTIVITAS MODEL SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

Siti, Rohaniah (2025) LITERATURE REVIEW: EFEKTIVITAS MODEL SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar sering kali disebabkan oleh minimnya keterlibatan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Model Small Group Discussion (SGD) menawarkan strategi partisipatif dan kolaboratif yang selaras dengan karakteristik perkembangan anak. Selain mendorong keterlibatan kognitif, SGD juga membentuk keterampilan sosial dan sikap positif siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas SGD dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar melalui telaah sistematis terhadap teori dan temuan penelitian terdahulu. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode systematic literature review, peneliti menganalisis 5 artikel utama yang dipilih dari 35 artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, seperti relevansi topik, jenjang pendidikan dasar, tahun terbit (2015–2025), dan akses terbuka. Hasil analisis tematik menunjukkan bahwa SGD efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar, keterampilan berpikir kritis, motivasi, serta partisipasi aktif siswa. Selain itu, SGD juga memperkuat nilai-nilai sosial seperti tanggung jawab, empati, kolaborasi, dan komunikasi. Efektivitas ini semakin terlihat ketika SGD diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif dan berbasis masalah. Dengan demikian, SGD terbukti sebagai pendekatan pedagogis yang adaptif dan relevan dalam mendukung pembelajaran aktif dan pengembangan kompetensi abad ke-21. Kata kunci: Small Group Discussion, Hasil Belajar, Pembelajaran Kolaboratif. iii ABSTRACT Low learning outcomes in elementary school students are often caused by a lack of active involvement in the learning process. The Small Group Discussion (SGD) model offers a participatory and collaborative strategy that aligns with the characteristics of child development. In addition to encouraging cognitive engagement, SGD also fosters students' social skills and positive attitudes. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of SGD in improving learning outcomes through a systematic review of theories and previous research findings. Using a qualitative approach and systematic literature review methods, researchers analyzed five key articles selected from 35 articles based on inclusion criteria, such as topic relevance, elementary education level, year of publication (2015–2025), and open access. The results of the thematic analysis indicate that SGD is effective in improving learning outcomes, critical thinking skills, motivation, and active student participation. Furthermore, SGD also strengthens social values such as responsibility, empathy, collaboration, and communication. This effectiveness is further demonstrated when SGD is applied in collaborative and problem-based learning. Thus, SGD has proven to be an adaptive and relevant pedagogical approach in supporting active learning and the development of 21st-century competencies. Keywords: Small Group Discussion, Learning Outcomes, Collaborative Learning.

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