BULLYING DI MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM (Studi Kasus Di Desa Sripendowo, Kecamatan Bandar Sribhawono Kabupaten Lampung Timur)

SETIO, PANGESTU (2025) BULLYING DI MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM (Studi Kasus Di Desa Sripendowo, Kecamatan Bandar Sribhawono Kabupaten Lampung Timur). Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat, khususnya media sosial, telah membawa dampak besar dalam kehidupan anak-anak dan remaja. Meskipun media sosial menawarkan banyak manfaat, tidak sedikit pula dampak negatif yang ditimbulkannya, salah satunya adalah fenomena bullying digital (cyberbullying). Anak-anak di bawah umur menjadi kelompok yang paling rentan terhadap kekerasan verbal, pelecehan, penghinaan, dan perundungan di dunia maya. Perilaku ini tidak hanya meninggalkan luka psikologis, tetapi juga berpotensi merusak perkembangan mental dan kepribadian anak. Dalam konteks hukum keluarga Islam, anak merupakan amanah yang harus dijaga dan dipelihara, sebagaimana ditegaskan dalam Al-Qur’an dan hadis Nabi. Orang tua berkewajiban melindungi anak dari segala bentuk bahaya, termasuk kekerasan nonfisik seperti bullying. Namun demikian, belum banyak perhatian yang diarahkan untuk membahas tanggung jawab keluarga secara hukum Islam dalam menghadapi ancaman bullying di media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan korban, pelaku, orang tua, serta tokoh masyarakat dan agama. Selain itu, dianalisis juga pandangan hukum Islam terhadap tindakan bullying. Dalam Islam, segala bentuk perundungan termasuk dalam kategori perbuatan zalim yang dilarang, sebagaimana tertuang dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bullying di media sosial memberikan dampak signifikan pada korban anak di bawah umur, seperti trauma psikologis, penurunan kepercayaan diri, dan isolasi sosial. Di sisi lain, anak-anak yang menjadi pelaku sering kali bertindak tanpa memahami konsekuensi perbuatannya, karena kurangnya edukasi dan pengawasan. Dalam perspektif hukum Keluarga Islam, bullying dianggap melanggar prinsip larangan menyakiti orang lain (zalim), menghina, dan mengganggu kehormatan manusia sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam Al-Qur'an Surat AlHujurat ayat 11-12. Pendekatan hukum Islam menekankan pentingnya pendidikan moral, pemberian nasihat, dan pembinaan terhadap pelaku, terutama jika mereka masih di bawah umur. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya kolaborasi antara orang tua, sekolah, dan masyarakat dalam memberikan edukasi tentang etika bermedia sosial. Selain itu, platform media sosial diharapkan memiliki regulasi yang lebih tegas untuk mencegah terjadinya bullying. Dengan penerapan nilai-nilai hukum Islam, diharapkan perilaku bullying dapat diminimalkan, menciptakan lingkungan yang aman dan mendukung bagi anak-anak. ABSTRACT The rapid development of information technology, especially social media, has had a major impact on the lives of children and adolescents. Although social media offers many benefits, it also has many negative impacts, one of which is the phenomenon of digital bullying (cyberbullying). Minors are the group most vulnerable to verbal violence, harassment, insults, and bullying in cyberspace. This behavior not only leaves psychological wounds, but also has the potential to damage the child's mental and personality development. In the context of Islamic family law, children are a mandate that must be guarded and maintained, as emphasized in the Qur'an and the hadith of the Prophet. Parents are obliged to protect children from all forms of danger, including non-physical violence such as bullying. However, not much attention has been directed to discussing the legal responsibilities of families under Islamic law in dealing with the threat of bullying on social media. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews with victims, perpetrators, parents, and community and religious leaders. In addition, the Islamic legal perspective on bullying was also analyzed. In Islam, all forms of bullying are included in the category of prohibited acts of injustice, as stated in the Qur'an and Hadith. The results of the study indicate that bullying on social media has a significant impact on underage victims, such as psychological trauma, decreased self-confidence, and social isolation. On the other hand, children who become perpetrators often act without understanding the consequences of their actions, due to lack of education and supervision. From the perspective of Islamic Family Law, bullying is considered to violate the principle of prohibiting harming others (zalim), insulting, and disturbing human honor as explained in the Qur'an, Surah Al-Hujurat verses 11-12. The Islamic legal approach emphasizes the importance of moral education, providing advice, and coaching for perpetrators, especially if they are still minors. This study recommends the importance of collaboration between parents, schools, and the community in providing education about social media ethics. In addition, social media platforms are expected to have stricter regulations to prevent bullying. By implementing Islamic legal values, it is hoped that bullying behavior can be minimized, creating a safe and supportive environment for children.

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