PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PERMAINAN BOLA FOKUS UNTUK MELATIH GERAK DASAR LOKOMOTOR, NON-LOKOMOTOR DAN MANIPULATIF PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MATA PELAJARAN PJOK DI KELAS IV SD/MI

RIMA, IZATI (2025) PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PERMAINAN BOLA FOKUS UNTUK MELATIH GERAK DASAR LOKOMOTOR, NON-LOKOMOTOR DAN MANIPULATIF PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MATA PELAJARAN PJOK DI KELAS IV SD/MI. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Permasalahan utama dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, dan Kesehatan (PJOK) di sekolah dasar adalah keterbatasan bahan ajar inovatif yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik, rendahnya minat serta partisipasi siswa dalam mengikuti aktivitas fisik, dan metode pembelajaran guru yang masih cenderung monoton. Kondisi ini menyebabkan proses pembelajaran kurang menarik, tidak variatif, serta berdampak pada tidak optimalnya perkembangan keterampilan gerak dasar siswa, baik gerakan lokomotor, non-lokomotor, maupun manipulatif. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan bahan ajar permainan bola fokus yang diperuntukkan bagi siswa kelas IV SD/MI. Produk ini dirancang untuk memberikan alternatif bahan ajar yang lebih kreatif, menyenangkan, dan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan anak, sekaligus mendorong peningkatan keterampilan gerak dasar serta kualitas pembelajaran PJOK secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dengan lima tahapan metode Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation (ADDIE). Pada tahap analisis, peneliti melakukan observasi dan wawancara guna mengidentifikasi kebutuhan siswa dan guru terhadap bahan ajar yang lebih inovatif. Tahap desain menghasilkan konsep bahan ajar permainan bola fokus beserta buku panduan guru sebagai acuan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Selanjutnya, produk dikembangkan menjadi prototipe dan divalidasi oleh tujuh pakar, terdiri atas dua ahli media, dua ahli materi, dan tiga ahli bahasa, untuk memastikan kelayakan isi, tampilan, serta keterbacaan produk. Uji coba lapangan dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yakni uji coba skala kecil melibatkan 16 siswa dan uji coba skala besar melibatkan 24 siswa. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui tes keterampilan gerak dasar, observasi pembelajaran, serta angket respon guru, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk bahan ajar permainan bola fokus termasuk dalam kategori “sangat layak” dan mampu meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran PJOK. Pada uji coba iii skala kecil, tingkat kelayakan mencapai 89%, sedangkan pada uji coba skala besar diperoleh peningkatan dengan mendapatkan nilai kelayakan 91%. Selain itu, hasil angket guru memperoleh skor rata rata 96% yang menegaskan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan layak, praktis digunakan, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan partisipasi serta keterampilan gerak dasar siswa. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa bahan ajar permainan bola fokus dapat dijadikan solusi inovatif dalam pembelajaran PJOK di sekolah dasar karena mampu menghadirkan pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif, menyenangkan, dan sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Kata Kunci: bahan ajar, permainan, gerak dasar, PJOK, pengembangan, ADDIE iv ABSTRACT The main problems in Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning in elementary schools are the limited availability of innovative teaching materials that are suitable for students' needs, low student interest and participation in physical activities, and teachers' learning methods that tend to be monotonous. This situation results in a learning process that is uninteresting and lacking in variety, which in turn affects the suboptimal development of students' basic motor skills, including locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative movements. To address these issues, this study aims to develop focused ball game teaching materials for fourth-grade elementary school/MI students. This product is designed to provide alternative teaching materials that are more creative, enjoyable, and appropriate for children's developmental stages, while encouraging the improvement of basic motor skills and the overall quality of PJOK learning. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with five stages of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) method. In the analysis stage, the researcher conducted observations and interviews to identify the needs of students and teachers for more innovative teaching materials. The design stage produced a concept for teaching materials for ball games along with a teacher's guide as a reference for implementing learning. Next, the product was developed into a prototype and validated by seven experts, consisting of two media experts, two subject matter experts, and three language experts, to ensure the suitability of the content, appearance, and readability of the product. Field trials were conducted in two stages, namely a small-scale trial involving 16 students and a large-scale trial involving 24 students. Research data was obtained through basic motor skills tests, learning observations, and teacher response questionnaires, then analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that the soccer game teaching material product was categorized as “highly feasible” and capable of improving the quality of physical education learning. In the small v scale trial, the feasibility level reached 89%, while in the large-scale trial, there was an increase, with a feasibility score of 91%. In addition, the teacher questionnaire results obtained an average score of 96%, confirming that the developed product is feasible, practical to use, and effective in increasing student participation and basic motor skills. These findings prove that the focus ball game teaching material can be used as an innovative solution in PJOK learning in elementary schools because it is able to provide learning that is more interactive, enjoyable, and in accordance with the characteristics of the students. Keywords: instructional materials, game, basic movements, PJOK, development, ADDIE

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