SAMPULPENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HAK MILIK MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Tanah Kuburan Pada Jamaah Masjid Al-Muhajirin Perumnas Wayhalim Kecamatan Wayhalim Kota Bandar Lampung)

RENALDI, DERIAN (2025) SAMPULPENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HAK MILIK MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Tanah Kuburan Pada Jamaah Masjid Al-Muhajirin Perumnas Wayhalim Kecamatan Wayhalim Kota Bandar Lampung). Diploma thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK utama Ketidakjelasan status kepemilikan tanah sering kali menjadi penyebab terjadinya sengketa yang memicu konflik berkepanjangan di Indonesia. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan ini secara adil, diperlukan pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan hukum positif dan hukum Islam, yang mengedepankan prinsip keadilan, musyawarah, dan penyelesaian damai. Berdasarkan uraian latar belakang di atas, permasalahan dalam penelitian ini dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa hak milik menurut hukum positif dan bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa hak milik menurut hukum Islam?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyelesaian sengketa hak milik atas tanah kuburan berdasarkan hukum Islam dan hukum positif Islam. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis field research yang berfokus pada Studi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Wayhalim, Bandar Lampung, dengan sumber data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan pihak terkait, seperti pengurus pengajian Al-Islam, ketua RT 09, RT 10, dan RT 11, serta warga Perumnas Wayhalim, sementara data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen resmi, buku tafsir, serta literatur hukum Islam dan positif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi metode observasi, wawancara berstruktur, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang relevan secara mendalam. Populasi penelitian mencakup 14 orang, dengan sampel yang terdiri dari pengurus pengajian dan tokoh masyarakat yang terlibat dalam sengketa hak milik. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif, yakni menarik kesimpulan dari gambaran umum peristiwa menuju penjelasan yang lebih spesifik berdasarkan data yang terkumpul. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinjauan Hukum Islam pada sengketa tanah kuburan jamaah Masjid Al- Muhajirin, melalui musyawarah (syura), dan penyelesaian damai (Ṣulḥ). Pendekatan musyawarah melibatkan dialog kolektif untuk mencapai solusi bersama, sedangkan penyelesaian damai (Ṣulḥ) menawarkan cara fleksibel untuk menjaga harmoni sosial, sesuai dengan nilai- nilai Islam yang menekankan kemaslahatan umat. Tinjauan hukum positif memberikan kepastian hukum melalui verifikasi dokumen kepemilikan seperti Sertifikat Hak Milik (SHM) dan Akta Jual Beli (AJB), serta pengakuan atas penguasaan fisik tanah. Penyelesaian sengketa dilakukan melalui mekanisme mediasi yang bertujuan melindungi hak semua pihak sesuai dengan peraturan Undang- Undang, sehingga menciptakan keadilan legal dan sosial. Kata Kunci: Sengketa Tanah, Hukum Islam, Hukum Positif. ABSTRACT The ambiguity of land ownership status often becomes the main cause of disputes that trigger prolonged conflicts in Indonesia. To resolve this issue fairly, an approach that integrates positive law and Islamic law is needed, which emphasizes the principles of justice, deliberation, and peaceful resolution. Based on the background description above, the issues in this research can be formulated as follows: how is the resolution of property disputes according to positive law and how is the resolution of property disputes according to Islamic law? This research aims to analyze the resolution of property disputes over cemetery land based on Islamic law and positive Islamic law. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a type of field research focused on the Study. This research was conducted in Wayhalim, Bandar Lampung, with primary data obtained through direct interviews with relevant parties, such as the Al-Islam study group administrators, the heads of RT 09, RT 10, and RT 11, as well as the residents of Perumnas Wayhalim, while secondary data was obtained from official documents, tafsir books, and Islamic and positive law literature. Data collection techniques include observation methods, structured interviews, and documentation to gather relevant information in depth. The research population includes 14 people, with a sample consisting of study group administrators and community leaders involved in property disputes. Data were analyzed using qualitative methods with a deductive approach, which involves drawing conclusions from a general overview of events towards a more specific explanation based on the collected data. The research findings showed that the review of Islamic Law on the cemetery land dispute of the Al-Muhajirin Mosque congregation was conducted through musyawarah (syura) and peaceful settlement (Ṣulḥ). The musyawarah approach involved collective dialogue to reach a mutual solution, while peaceful settlement (Ṣulḥ) offered a flexible way to maintain social harmony, in accordance with Islamic values that emphasized the welfare of the community. The review of positive law provided legal certainty through the verification of ownership documents such as the Certificate of Ownership (SHM) and Deed of Sale and Purchase (AJB), as well as recognition of physical land possession. The dispute resolution was carried out through a mediation mechanism aimed at protecting the rights of all parties in accordance with statutory regulations, thereby creating legal and social justice. Kata Kunci: Land Dispute, Islamic Law, Positive Law.

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