BINA DIRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN MELALUI TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK AUTIS DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA (SLB) PELITA KASIH SUKABUMI BANDAR LAMPUNG

LAELA, NUR INDAH SARI (2024) BINA DIRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN MELALUI TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK AUTIS DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA (SLB) PELITA KASIH SUKABUMI BANDAR LAMPUNG. Diploma thesis, UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Bina diri toilet training termasuk Salah satu kegiatan sehari�hari dalam mengurus diri. Kemampuan bina diri toilet training pada anak autis tentunya tidak sama dengan anak normal pada umunya. Keterbatasan yang dimiliki anak autis memerlukan metode, teknik, media, kesabaran, dan waktu yang lebih lama supaya anak mampu melakukan kegiata toilet training dengan baik dan mandiri. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pelaksanaan program bina diri dalam meningkatkan kemandirian toilet training pada anak autis melalui metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) dengan teknik Discrete Trial Training di SLB Pelita Kasih Sukabumi Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field Research) menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Ibu Riamauli, Ibu Chika, Dan Bapak Rian Apriansyah yang menjadi guru pembimbing kelas autis SLB pelita Kasih Sukabumi Bandar Lampung sebagai infoman jadi total subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 3 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Serta teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif dengan langkah-langkah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pelaksanaan program bina diri toilet training melalui metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) adalah sebagai berikut: 1) persiapan program bina diri toilet training meliputi guru mengasesment anak, menentukan program dan menyusun rancangan pembelajaran. 2) Pelaksanaan program bina diri toilet training meliputi 3 tahapan yaitu: a) kegiatan awal, b) kegiatan inti, c) kegiatan akhir (penutup). 3) Evaluasi program bina diri toilet training pada anak autis meliputi evaluasi tes seperti anak dapat mengikuti semua intruksi dari guru dan kemampuannya dalam melaksanakan tahapan-tahapan pembelajaran bina diri toilet training, dan evaluasi non tes seperti sikap anak pada saat mengikuti pembelajaran bina diri toilet training. 4) Faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan program bina diri toilet training iv meliputi faktor internal yaitu anak yang tergolong autis berat, mempunyai kemampuan bicara dan komunikasi belum baik, dan faktor eksternal yaitu dukungan dari keluarga terutama orang tua yang kurang melatih aktivitas anak karena orang tua yang selalu melayani dan memanjakan anak dirumah. Kata Kunci: Bina Diri Toilet Training, Anak Autis v ABSTRACT Toilet training self-development is one of the daily activities in taking care of yourself. The toilet training self-development abilities of autistic children are certainly not the same as normal children in general. The limitations of autistic children require methods, techniques, media, patience and more time so that children are able to carry out toilet training activities well and independently. This research aims to describe the process of implementing a self�development program to increase toilet training independence in autistic children through the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method with the Discrete Trial Training technique at SLB Pelita Kasih Sukabumi Bandar Lampung. This research is a type of field research using qualitative methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this research were the children of 2 SLB Pelita Kasih teachers as informants and 2 autistic children in the classical class of SLB Pelita Kasih Sukabumi Bandar Lampung, so the total number of subjects in this research was 4 people. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews and documentation. And the data analysis technique in this research uses qualitative descriptive techniques with steps for data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the process of implementing the toilet training self-development program using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method is as follows: 1) preparation for the toilet training self-development program includes teachers assessing children, determining the program and preparing learning plans. 2) Implementation of the toilet training self-development program includes 3 stages, namely: a) initial activities, b) core activities, c) final (closing) activities. 3) Evaluation of the toilet training self�development program for autistic children includes test evaluations such as the child being able to follow all instructions from the teacher and his ability to carry out the stages of toilet training self�development learning, and non-test evaluations such as the child's attitude when participating in toilet training self-development learning.4) Inhibiting factors in implementing the toilet training self- vi development program include internal factors, namely children who are classified as severely autistic, have poor speaking and communication skills, and external factors, namely support from the family, especially parents who do not train their children in activities because the parents always serve them. and pamper children at home. Keywords: Self-Development Toilet Training, Autistic Children

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